Brief History of Tajikistan free essay sample

The Tajik individuals went under Russian guideline in the 1860. Tajikistan turned into a self-ruling Soviet communist republic inside Uzbekistan in 1924; Basmachi opposition in the wake of the Russian Revolution of 1917 was suppressed in 1925, and Tajikistan got one of the segment Soviet communist republics in 1929 called Tadzhik SSR from 1936 to 1991. Tajikistan picked up freedom in 1991, and has encountered three changes in government and a common war from that point forward. A harmony understanding among rival groups was marked in 1997 however its execution has advanced gradually. Pre-Islamic Period (600 BCâ€AD 651) Tajikistan was a piece of the Bactria-Margiana Archeological Complex in the Bronze Age, possibility for Proto-Indo-Iranian or Proto-Iranian culture. Tajikistan was a piece of Scythia in Classical Antiquity. The majority of current Tajikstan had shaped pieces of old Kamboja and Parama Kamboja realms, which discover references in the old Indian stories like the Mahabharata. Semantic proof, joined with antiquated abstract and inscriptional proof has driven numerous prominent Indologists to reason that old Kambojas (an Avestan speaking Iranain clan) initially had a place with the Ghalcha-talking zone of Central Asia. We will compose a custom exposition test on Brief History of Tajikistan or then again any comparative theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Achariya Yasakas Nirukta [1] (seventh c BCE) bears witness to that action word Savati in the sense to go was utilized by just the Kambojas. It has been demonstrated that the cutting edge Ghalcha tongues, Valkhi, Shigali, Sriqoli, Jebaka (likewise called Sanglichi or Ishkashim), Munjani, Yidga and Yagnobi, chiefly spoken in Pamirs and nations on the headwaters of the Oxus, despite everything use terms got from antiquated Kamboja Savati in the sense to go [2]. The Yagnobi tongue spoken in Yagnobi area around the headwaters of Zeravshan valley in Sogdiana, likewise still contains a relic Su from antiquated Kamboja Savati in the sense to go [3]. Further, Sir G Grierson says that the discourse of Badakshan was a Ghalcha till around three centuries prior when it was displaced by a type of Persian [4]. Therefore, the old Kamboja, most likely incorporated the Badakshan, Pamirs and northern regions incorporating Yagnobi territory in the doab of the Oxus and Jaxartes [5]. On the east it was limited generally by Yarkand and additionally Kashgar, on the west by Bahlika (Uttaramadra), on the northwest by Sogdiana, on the north by Uttarakuru, on the southeast by Darada, and on the south by Gandhara. Various Indologists find unique Kamboja in Pamirs and Badakshan and the Parama Kamboja further north, in the Trans-Pamirian regions involving Zeravshan valley, north up portions of Sogdhiana/Farganain the Sakadvipa or Scythia of the traditional authors [6]. Along these lines, in the pre-Buddhist occasions (seventh/sixth c BCE), the pieces of present day Tajikstan including domains to the extent Zeravshan valley in Sogdiana shaped pieces of old Kamboja and the Parama Kamboja realms when it was controlled by Iranian Kambojas till it turned out to be a piece of Achaemenid Empire. Sogdiana, Bactria, Merv and Khorezm were the four head divisions of Ancient Central Asia occupied by the predecessors of the present-day Tajiks. Tajiks are currently discovered uniquely in notable Bactria and Sogdiana. Merv is occupied by the Turkoman and Khorezm by Karakalpaks, Uzbeks and Kazakhs. The Sogdians were well known for being tall, gigantic, and of a reasonable shading, conceivably taking after the Scythians. Among them Bactria and Khorezm were realms during various time of history dissimilar to Sogdiana and Merv which were land areas and vassals of various realms. Sogdiana was comprised of the Zeravshan and Kashka-Darya waterway valleys. At present, One of the enduring people groups of Sogdiana who talk a tongue of the Sogdian language are the Yaghnobis and Shugnanis who live in the Northern locale of Tajikistan around the Zeravshan valley. Bactria was situated in northern Afghanistan (present-day Afghan Turkestan) between the mountain scope of the Hindu Kush and the Amu Darya (Oxus) River and a few territories of flow south Tajikistan. During various periods, Bactria was a focal point of different Kingdoms or Empires, and is presumably where Zoroastrianism started. The Avestathe sacred book of Zoroastrianismwas written in the old-Bactrian lingo; it is likewise felt that Zoroaster was in all probability conceived in Bactria. Khorezm was an amazing Kingdom during certain times of its history, and is found south-east of the Aral Sea in what archeological revelations demonstrated used to be an exceptionally fruitful zone. Merv is situated in the Amu-Darya bowl south of Khorezm. Achaemenid Period (550 BCâ€329 BC) During the Achaemenid time frame, Sogdiana was one of the regions of the Persian realm. Among the urban areas of Tajikistan, Panjakent and Istarawshan are established in that period. Greek Period (329 BCâ€90 BC) For additional subtleties on this point, see Greco-Bactrian Kingdom. Guide of Alexanders domain. Guide of Alexanders realm. After the Persian Empire was vanquished by Alexander the Great, Bactria, Sogdiana and Merv, being a piece of Persian Empire, needed to protect themselves from new trespassers. Truth be told, the Macedonians confronted solid opposition under the authority of Sogdian ruler Spitamenes. Alexander the Great figured out how to wed Roxana, the little girl of a neighborhood ruler, and acquired his territory. Following Alexanders brief occupation, the Hellenistic replacement conditions of the Seleucids and Greco-Bactrians controlled the zone for an additional 200 years in what is known as the Greco-Bactrian Kingdom. During the timeframe from 90 BC to 30 BC, the Eastern Scythians decimated the last Hellenistic replacement states and, along with the Tocharians, (to whom they were firmly related) made a Kushan Empire around 30 AD. [edit] Kushan Empire (30 BCâ€AD 410) For an additional 400 years, until AD 410, the Kushan Empire was a significant force in the area alongside the Roman Empire, the Parthian Empire and the Han Empire (China). Eminent contact was made with nearby people groups when the emissaries of the Han Dynasty traveled to this region in the second century BC. Toward the finish of the Kushan time frame, the Empire turned out to be a lot littler and would need to protect itself from the incredible Sassanid Empire that supplanted the Parthian Empire. The renowned Kushan Shah Kanishka advanced Buddhism and during this ime Buddhism was sent out from Central Asia to China. [edit] The Hephthalites (AD 410â€565) The Hephthalites are viewed as another Scythian-related clan in spite of the fact that there is contention about their name (which means White Hun) which regularly alludes to Mongolian-Turkish trespassers. As later archeologists found, there are numerous elements that demonstrated that Hephthalites were a lot of numerous clans w ith various causes. That implies they were Turks, Mongols and some lesser scythian clans that were turkizised (for the most part by language). Their language was a Turkish vernacular. In Bactria, their authoritative language was the bactrian language. The Hephthalites were devastated in 565 AD by a blend of Sassanid and Kok-Turk powers. [edit] Gokturk Rule (565â€658) The beginning of the Gokturks is questionable, yet it appears to be likely that they had lived toward the South of the Altai Mountains until the year 542 AD. Chinese sources propose that they were slid from the Huns and situated toward the North of them. (The Huns being another proto-Turkish clan). [edit] Islamic Empires (710â€1218) [edit] Arab Caliphate (710â€867) The Age of the Caliphs Prophet Mohammad, 622-632 Patriarchal Caliphate, 632-661 Umayyad Caliphate, 661-750 The Age of the Caliphs Prophet Mohammad, 622-632 Patriarchal Caliphate, 632-661 Umayyad Caliphate, 661-750 The Transoxiana realms never framed a practical alliance. Starting in 651 AD, the Arabs sorted out intermittent pillaging attacks profound into the domain of Transoxania, yet it was not until the arrangement of Ibn Qutaiba as Governor of Khorasan in 705 AD, during the rule of Walid I, that the Caliphate embraced the approach of adding the grounds past the Oxus. In 715 AD, the errand of addition was practiced. The whole area therefore went under the control of the Caliph and of Islam, yet the Arabs kept on administering through neighborhood Soghdian Kings and dihqans. The rising of the Abbasids to run the Caliphate (750 1258) opened another time throughout the entire existence of Central Asia. While their antecedents the Umayyads (661 750) were minimal more than pioneers of a free confederation of Arab clans, the Abbasids set out to assemble an enormous multi-ethnic unified express that would imitate and consummate the Sassanian government machine. They gave the Near East and Transoxiana a solidarity, which they had been missing since the hour of Alexander the Great. [edit] Samanid Empire (900â€999) For some years before the Arab intrusion, Central Asia was isolated into a wide range of areas, for example, the Kingdom of Merv, Sogdiana, Bactria, Khorezm, Badakhshan: the main special case was Kushan Empire that was currently diminished to parts of eastern Iran. Islam spread quickly in Transoxiana. The new religion was gotten generally by mainstream praise, for it guaranteed more noteworthy social portability and made great conditions for exchange. With Islam there came Arabic that turned into the language of Abbasid court. It should likewise have animated the development of the Modern Persian language (Dari), in which the portion of credit words from Arabic varied from 10 percent in the jargon of Rudaki (ninth to tenth hundreds of years) to 40 percent in the compositions of Baihaqi (eleventh century). All things considered, the volume of Arabic dictionary, its offer in the jargon of the Dari language remained incredibly high until the principal quarter of the nineteenth century. The Samanid administration that administered (819â€1005) in Khorasan (Eastern Iran) and Transoxiana was established by Saman Khuda . The Samanids were one of the principal absolutely indigenous traditions to administer in Persia following the Muslim Arab victory. Not until the reig

Drinking culture Essay

Liquor advertising is a worldwide marvel, where an undeniably modest number of organizations spend impressive entireties to set up and implant their brands in the lives and ways of life of populaces. Statistical surveying information offers knowledge into the size and degree of the worldwide liquor exchange, and the greatness of liquor publicizing uses. Ongoing instances of liquor promoting in an assortment of national settings delineate the procedures utilized by the worldwide organizations. The impacts of this showcasing on youngsters are portrayed in audits of ongoing examination concentrates on youth introduction to liquor promoting and the impacts of that presentation, interpretive models to clarify the impacts of liquor showcasing on youngsters, regardless of whether liquor publicizing targets youngsters, and appraisals of the viability of administrative limitations on advertising and different countermeasures. Regardless of the disappointment of general wellbeing examination to stay up with recently creating showcasing advances, there is a developing assortment of proof that liquor advertising impacts youthful people’s drinking conduct. Measures to decrease that effect ought to be considered by national governments trying to confine the general wellbeing trouble brought about by unsafe utilization of liquor. Watchwords: liquor, publicizing, youth, globalization, advertising. Creator ’ S NOTE : Support for improvement of a previous variant of this paper was given by the World Health Organization.  © 2010 by Federal Legal Publications, Inc. 58 GLOBAL ALCOHOL MARKETING From a general wellbeing viewpoint, liquor promoting matters. While there is colossal decent variety in the sorts of liquor accessible all through the world, from commonly created customary drinks to globalized mass purchaser items, the globalized refreshments assume a specific job. They are, of their embodiment, showcased items, and as such are frequently the most noticeable sign of mixed drinks in a general public. In this sense they lead the market for mixed refreshments, giving a moderate identification of support in western culture. As financial status ascends in a creating country, the probability of utilizing these items will in general increment, alongside western social direction (Eide, Acuda, and Roysamb, 1998). Globalized mixed drinks are marked items, and advantage from the most recent improvements in advertising innovation intended to insert the brand in the lives and psyches of the objective customers (Aaker, 1996). Marking and promoting information are basic to their globalization on the grounds that, as indicated by one specialist working from the point of view of the endurance of worldwide firms, â€Å"in non-science-based enterprises, for example, mixed refreshments .. . brands and advertising information as opposed to mechanical development are focal in clarifying the development and endurance of worldwide firms† (Lopes, 2003). Utilizing this showcasing information, the worldwide brands gain omnipresence through conventional media, sponsorships, and on-premise advancements, just as â€Å"new media†, for example, cell phones, podcasting, and the Internet. Both research on the wellbeing impacts of this showcasing movement and general wellbeing reactions to moderate those impacts are unable to stay aware of the industry’s pace of advancement. Given this circumstance, this article audits the shape and size of the worldwide gracefully of promoted mixed refreshments, depicts a portion of the structures this showcasing is taking in created and creating social orders, sums up look into on the impacts of that advertising, and afterward diagrams conceivable general wellbeing strategy reactions. 59 The worldwide liquor showcase: A diagram According to Impact Databank, a main statistical surveying firm serving the mixed refreshment industry, premium globalized (marked) spirits represent roughly 44% of the all out spirits items accessible around the globe (Banaag, 2009). The liquor business subsidized International Center for Alcohol Policies reports that marked lager represents in any event 38% of comprehensively accessible brew, and marked wine makes up at any rate 27% of the worldwide wine gracefully (International Center for Alcohol Policies, 2006). Worldwide estimation of the marked part is obscure; be that as it may, deals volume of a solitary marketâ€the United Statesâ€was evaluated at $154. 9 billion out of 2004 (Adams Beverage Group, 2005). Publicizing uses (on communicate, in print, and out-of-home) in that advertise in 2005 were $2 billion (Center on Alcohol Marketing and Youth, 2007b). As indicated by the U. S. Government Trade Commission, complete liquor showcasing consumptions in the United States are roughly twofold this figure, with the rest of on â€Å"unmeasured† advertising exercises, for example, sponsorships, item arrangements, grounds advancements, and point-ofpurchase promoting (Federal Trade Commission, 2008). As indicated by Adams Beverage Group, another industry statistical surveying firm, spirits and brew showcasing represent over 93% of estimated liquor publicizing costs in the United States. These two parts likely command in the remainder of the world also, and this segment will concentrate on the exercises of worldwide advertisers in these two classifications. Inside the worldwide lager and spirits ventures, few organizations command. Starting at 2007, 44. 9% of worldwide marked spirits were promoted by the ten biggest organizations, as appeared in Table 1. Significant levels of focus have been the standard in this fragment of the business since at any rate 1991 (Jernigan, 2009), through different floods of mergers that have expanded the size of the best five organizations (presently with a piece of the pie of around 36%) comparative with the remainder of the market. * 60 GLOBAL ALCOHOL MARKETING TABLE 1 Ten biggest worldwide refined spirits organizations, 2006 and 2007 *Not in the main 10 out of 2006. SOURCES: Impact Databank 2008a, Impact Databank, 2008c. TABLE 2 Ten biggest brewers, 1979/80 and 2007 *Not in the main 10 out of 1979/80. SOURCE: Cavanagh and Clairmonte, 1985; Impact Databank 2008b) 61 most of the piece of the overall industry for comprehensively marked lager, interestingly, has as of late amassed in the hands of the ten biggest brewers. The five driving brewers straightforwardly control the greater part of the worldwide market as assessed by Impact. Starting at 2008, thinking and consolidating proceed: InBev as of late gained Anheuser-Busch, which thus has the greater part proprietorship stake in Grupo Modelo yet doesn't have the board control, and which additionally claims 27% of Qingdao; while SABMiller converged with Molson Coors to frame MillerCoors. (Piece of the overall industry data after these mergers isn't accessible at this writingâ€Table 2 mirrors the latest information accessible. ) According to Advertising Age, six of these mixed refreshment makers are among the world’s 100 biggest sponsors (Wentz, 2007). As Table 3 shows, the spending of these organizations is intensely amassed in the United States and Europe. Worldwide promoting uses of these six organizations alone totaled more than $2 billion out of 2006. Publicizing Age’s figures are most likely not complete, and they don't include spending of entirely or lion's share possessed auxiliaries into the spending of the parent organization. The distribution gives information on promoting spending in 86 nations, however just gives the best 100 all around, and the main 10 spenders by nation. As appeared in Table 4, the main organizations or their auxiliaries are among the best 10 of every 15 of the 86 countriesâ€12 creating nations, one developing business sector, and two created countries. The state of contemporary liquor promoting As marked items, mixed refreshments assemble their characters with an intricate blend of advertising advancements. As a main showcasing scholar has composed, â€Å"The nearness of a brand (or even the mentalities held toward it) can serve to characterize an individual concerning others† so that the â€Å"brand turns into an exten-62 TABLE 3 GLOBAL ALCOHOL MARKETING World’s biggest mixed drink sponsors and their publicizing uses by locale, 2006 SOURCE: Wentz, 2007. Different incorporates Canada, Africa and the Middle East. TABLE 3 Alcohol advertisers among the ten biggest promoters in a nation, by area, 2006 63 SOURCE: Wentz. 2007. The Shape of Contemporary Alcohol Marketing. 64 GLOBAL ALCOHOL MARKETING sion or a necessary piece of the self† (Aaker, 1996). Advertisers achieve this expansion of oneself by implanting brands in the lives and ways of life of the objective purchasers, situating them as a basic piece of social and games, just as societies, ways of life, and even worth frameworks (Fleming and Zwiebach, 1999; Klein, 1999). The blend of advances utilized to achieve this incorporate conventional publicizing just as sponsorships, sweepstakes, couponing, item situation, new item improvement, purpose of-procurement materials and advancements, individual to-individual and viral advertising, appropriation and offer of marked product, and the utilization of new and developing innovations, for example, cell phones and the Internet. The promoting spending figures above are for conventional or â€Å"measured† publicizing movement alone. In this field, liquor showcasing increases gigantic introduction to the populace, both that of legitimate drinking ages and underneath that age. Analysts in China have evaluated that a city-staying youngster who watches a normal of 2 hours of night TV will see in excess of 900 liquor advertisements a year (Zhang, 2004). In Australia, a Curtin University examine bunch utilized publicizing industry information to look at the presentation of underage and youthful grown-up consumers to liquor promoting on TV. The analysts found that 13-to 17-year-olds were presented to a similar degree of liquor publicizing as 18-to 24-year-olds (the legitimate savoring age Australia is 18), and that 90% of liquor advertisements, generally for lager and premixed â€Å"alcopop† drinks, were screened when over 25% of the review crowd was underage (MacNamara, 2006).

Blog Archive MBA News WSJ Profiles Noteworthy Dings

Blog Archive MBA News WSJ Profiles Noteworthy Dings A few months ago, we started our “MBA Admissions Myths Destroyed” series to help calm the nerves of applicants, who can, at times, misdirect their energy. One of our myths, “Your MBA Program is the Sole Determinant of Your Future,” was reposted by the Ivey School of Business on its Facebook page and received warm comments from several aspiring MBAs.  And, this morning, the Wall Street Journal offered anecdotal evidence in its article “Before They Were Titans, Moguls and Newsmakers, These People WereRejected”,    via Warren Buffett and Paul Purcell (CEO of investment bank Robert W. Baird Co.), that it is indeed the person, not the school. Furthermore, via Scott McNealey, co-founder of Sun Microsystems, the Journal proves that  the statement that “Reapplicants Should Not Reapply” is a myth as well. Share ThisTweet Columbia University (Columbia Business School) News Stanford University (Stanford Graduate School of Business) University of Chicago (Booth)

The Effects Of Police Brutality On The Relationship

Bad Blood: The Effects of Police Brutality on the Relationship Between Minorities and the Police Brandon Seigle June 16, 2017 CRJS 498 NC AT University ..................Column Break..................As children we are taught that not only are police officers our friends, but that their job is to protect and serve our communities. Unfortunately, for many minorities this image is shattered as incident after incident occurs in the streets of their communities. With today’s technology, these incidents are now on broadcast all over social media and television. As minorities watch people that look like them be killed or injured by those sworn to protect them, admiration and appreciation soon turns into anger, aggression and†¦show more content†¦As the use of these tactics continued, it became clear racial and ethnic minorities were stopped and questioned more often than non-minorities. This sanctioned use of racial profiling ended up finding its way into ordinary policing, not just drug busts. In fact, a California legislative report showed officers were going so far as to exclusively target Hispanic drivers. History has shown that not only is police brutality and profiling nothing new—especially to minorities—but it is also a problem that is unlikely to go away. Some research hypothesized that due to the dynamics of our society, such as social and emotional variables, fighting police brutality is a losing battle. In their writing, Malcolm Holmes and Brad Smith (2017) concluded â€Å"the social circumstances that shape the emotional responses characteristic of police-minority interactions seem to make certain adverse outcomes inescapable, given the structure of inequality in America.† Police brutality and its relationship with minority communities has been the center of research beginning with the Wickersham Commission in 1931. 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Business Process Reengineering And Erp Essay - 1646 Words

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Abnormal Psychology A Study Of Unusual Emotion, Thoughts...

Abnormal psychology is the study of unusual emotion, thoughts or behavior. It basically constitutes individual who are not what society would deem as normal and follow the norms of a particular culture. Individuals that are constantly not able to adapt and function properly in various conditions can be viewed as abnormal because a number of factors could be restricting them from functioning effectively in a society. The definition of what is â€Å"abnormal has changed over time, across different cultures, and is different for individuals within a particular culture. These unusual emotions, thoughts or behaviors may correlate with mental disorders. A distinct set of theories are used to understand these forms of abnormality. Psychopathology can be defined as the study of mental disorders. In more direct terms, it focuses on abnormal behavior, mental distress and mental illness. This form of study looks to examine different elements that would affect the mental state or physical bei ng of an individual. When looking at the subject matter of abnormality I can see that there are many books and movies that incorporate characters that demonstrate abnormal behaviors. A movie that consists of characters exhibiting abnormality throughout is Silver Linings Playbook. The movie Silver Lining Playbook portrays two primary characters, Pat Solitano and Tiffany Maxwell. Both of these characters have psychological disorders that they struggle with. Pat, who was a teacher, finds his wife inShow MoreRelatedAbnormal Psychology : A Study Of Unusual Emotion, Thoughts Or Behavior1443 Words   |  6 PagesAbnormal psychology is the study of unusual emotion, thoughts or behavior. It basically constitutes individual who are not what society would deem as normal and follow the norms of a particular culture. Individuals that are constantly not able to adapt and function properly in various conditions can be viewed as abnormal because a number of factors could be restricting them from functioning effectively in a society. The definition of what is abnormal has changed over time, across differentRead MorePsychology : Psychology And Psychology1161 Words   |  5 PagesThere are many branches in the world of psychology. There is the behavior psychology, also k nown as behaviorism, a leading theory of learning based upon the idea that all behaviors are acquired through conditioning. Cognitive psychology, the branch of psychology that focuses on internal states, such as motivation, problem solving, decision making, thinking and attention. Development psychology, the branch that looks at development throughout the lifespan, from childhood to adulthood. Out of the manyRead MoreAbnormal Human Behavior946 Words   |  4 PagesIn reflecting on the above outlined competency, I found myself thinking, without the existence of abnormal human behavior, my life would not have been as interesting as it currently is. Throughout my adolescent years, primarily through observing others consistently, I was able to develop a profound interest and dedicated pensive thoughts into understanding the cognition and behaviors of human beings. As such, I would spend hours weekly, trying to understand why individuals think differently, seekRead MoreDonnie Darko/ Abn ormal Psycology762 Words   |  4 Pages Psychology 101/ Extra Credit April 28th, 2012 Donnie Darko/Abnormal Psychology Donnie Darko is a movie about a young teen that experienced many abnormal things in his life that are said to be associated with a psychological disorder. BasicallyRead MoreAbnormal Psychology - Behaviour That Is Not Socially Acceptable962 Words   |  4 PagesLecture 1 What is Abnormal Psychology? Students’ Definitions and Examples of Abnormal Psychology Behaviour that is not socially acceptable Science of learning how biological changes affect personality behaviour Prolonged or repeated psychological state that is harmful to the individual or others Person with an illness, on medication, deviates from the norm Study of illnesses, mental disorders that the DSM-IV does not recognize as normal MythsRead MoreAbnormal Psychology Essay1646 Words   |  7 PagesAbstract The following paper includes such topics of normal and abnormal psychology. Discussed with these topics are definitions of each as well as the similarities and differences between them both. Included here also is a discussion and explanation of two mental disorders and two mental illnesses all taken from the psychology perspective. As the reader will see, normal and abnormal psychology as well as the mental disorders and illnesses are common issues that could happen to any person or affectRead MoreDevelopment Of Sexual And Abnormal Fetishes1419 Words   |  6 Pagesviewed as acceptable and others can be seen as abnormal based on societal standards. However, the unknown factor of these fetishes is whether they are innate or adapted throughout the course of life. The factors that make up the defining line between normal and abnormal fetishes are somewhat undetermined, however, it is interesting to study whether the causes of both share similarities in their development. These fetishes can create changes in social behavior, thinking and overall function. There isRead MoreMental Health Disorder Case Study1524 Words   |  6 Pagesdefined if the positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia persist for a time period of one to six months. The positive symptoms basically consist of hallucinations and delusions. On the other hand, negative symptoms mean the loss of speech, emotion or motivation. In this set of disorders, there is schizophrenia, delusional, brief psychotic, shared psychic and substance induced psychotic disorder. This subset also includes the Psychotic disorder due to another medical condition. The Mood andRead MoreThe Personality Theories Of Sigmund Freud And Alfred Adler999 Words   |  4 Pagesbig contributors in today psychology world. They set the foundation for future generations of psychologist studies. Freud was an Austrian neurologist and an originator of psychoanalysis group. Freud became fascinated with emotional disorder also known as Hysteria while he was working with French neurologist Jean Martin Charcot (Cherry, 2016). As for Adler, he was an Austrian medical doctor and a psychotherapist. He is the founder of the school of individual psychology call the Adlerian schoolRead MoreSchizophrenia Case Study And Early Onset Signs1151 Words   |  5 PagesSteven Quinn Dr. Carlin Cognitive Disabilities 12/6/15 Schizophrenia Case Study and Early Onset Signs Experts agree that Schizophrenia is a syndrome with signs and symptoms that are thought to co-occur in ways that distinguish it from other syndromes and from normal thoughts and behaviors. Schizophrenia can also be defined as a psychotic disorder with, impairments in reality, disturbances of perception and thought experienced as hallucinations, delusions, hearing voices, seeing things that are not

Financial Statement Of Airline Companies -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Financial Statement Of Airline Companies? Answer: Introducation Impairment testing is conducted by Common wealth bank of Australia on annual basis whenever there is indication that assets recoverable amount are lower than their carrying value. Organization has assessed impairment testing related to intangible assets such as goodwill and brand name. For the purpose of impairment testing, allocation of goodwill is done to the cash-generating unit for comparing it to recoverable amount. Determination of recoverable amount is done based on fair value by deducting cost to sells (Commbank.com.au 2018). Moreover, assets with indefinite useful lives are tested for impairment. For conducting the impairment testing, organization allocated the goodwill to cash generating unit and does the computation of recoverable amount. Publicly available earnings multiples form the basis of calculation of recoverable amount. For determining the assessment of goodwill and other assets, recoverable amount of such assets are compared with carrying amount of individual cash generating unit or group of cash generating unit. Some of the indicators for impairment are as for equity securities that are classified as assets available for sale. An indication of impairment of any investment leads to testing of entire carrying amount of investment in any associate or joint venture by comparing the carrying amount with its recoverable amount (Commbank.com.au 2018). Commonwealth bank of Australia has recorded loan impairment expenses in both the financial year hat is 2017 and 2016 of amount $ 1095 million and $ 1256 million respectively. These figures depict that impairment expenses on loan have reduced in the current year indicating that there was 13% decrease in the expenses amount (Commbank.com.au 2018). The reason is attributable to the lower provisional banking in market and institutional and private banking. For determining the impairment of assets, organization relies on computation of recoverable amount using earnings multiple that is applicable to bank. Data on earning multiple are sourced from market and publicly available data. Assumption is made regarding price earning multiple that is observed from the business. Group conducts the revaluation of assumptions when there is any provision for change. Valuation techniques of assets are based on market value and are based on assumptions formed on market conditions (Commbank.com.au 2018). Process of impairment testing of Common wealth bank of Australia does not involve any considerable subjectivity as depicted from the analysis of financial report. The methodology of impairment testing is considerably influenced by involvement of subjectivity in the estimates and assumptions made by management of group. When subjectivity is considered, there then exists possibility of recoverable value being highly sensitive (Osei 2017). If the management of organization is acting opportunistically, then there can be manipulation in assets recoverable amount. Value in use computation, determinants of cash flows and value generated and there is a possibility that there will be substantial fluctuation in the assumed value because other external factors rather than exercising subjectivity (Commbank.com.au 2018). After conducting detailed analysis of annual report of Common wealth bank of Australia concerning impairment, it has been ascertained that the procedure adopted for impairment testing is a bit confusing. There has not been a segmented presentation of impairment and information considering the impairment of various is presented in a segregated way. It has been ascertained from the evaluation of financial report of banking group that organizations make provision related to impairment of all financial assets. Receivables and loans are assessed collectively for impairment is done on collectively basis. Bank has employed expected credit loss model as per AASB 9 that has lead to replacement of existing incurred loss model (Commbank.com.au 2018). Impairment provisions are raised for the amount that is adequate to cover losses related to credit and when there is any existence of objective evidence. Bank has employed an approach of fair value measurement for measurement of financial liabilities and assets through income statement. Financial instruments, derivative instruments and all investments that are available for sale are measured at fair value. One of the best indicators of financial instruments that are recognized initially and the fair value is also estimated in computation of impairment of assets. Trading assets are asses using fair value that take into account credit risks (Commbank.com.au 2018). Under the lease standard IAS 17, investors assessing the financial position of organization concerning leases will not be able to get true and fair view presentation. This is because of the critics associated with the existing standard as it makes the classification between financing and operating leases. Balance sheet profiles of companies do not reflect the actual amount of debt that company currently owes (Edeigba and Amenkhienan 2017). It is so because this standard does not obliges company to disclose operating lease in their balance sheet and most of them select to treat lease as operating lease rather than financing lease. Therefore, the existing lease standard does not reflect economic reality. It has been estimated by the accounting standard that is IASB out of total amount of commitment attributable to leases of worth 3.3 million, only 25% of lease appear on balance sheet (Sandblom and Strandberg 2015). One of the objectives of presentation of financial report is to provide users with the information that helps in making economic decision. Under the existing standard, there is possibility that there will be unfaithful classification of leasing transactions. Investors are required to make rough estimation and calculations for computing lease commitment and brining them on balance sheets. Operating lease is also a type of liabilities but they are not represented on balance sheet but in actual sense, there is a liability that is more than total amount debt reported (Demir and Bas 2017). This explains why the debt reported on balance sheet is 66 times less than off balance sheet liabilities. Controversy associated with existing standard regarding the leases classification into operating and financing lease explains why there is no level playing field between some airline companies. Airline companies either leases most of their aircraft fleets or they finance that is buy the fleets. It would indicate that the financial position of such organizations is different, but in reality, there might not be any difference in their financial position and they are identical (Nobes 2015). Various flaws associated with the new lease accounting standard are responsible for making it unpopular among everyone. New standard would be focusing on capitalization of operating lease that would increase the balance sheets and debt structure of companies. Companies in receiving credit have also raised concerns and there is a possibility of violation of debt covenants. Adoption of standard will lead to hundred percent of balance sheets and this will require them to renegotiate debt covenants and exclusion of lease agreements. There would be increased administrative burden on part of management and increased cost of reporting that is making companies hesitant to adopt this standard (Czajor and Michalak 2017). There will be alterations in the system of control process, increased consultation fees, educational efforts and process of IT. Moreover, organizations are required to make an estimation of detail relating to right to lease liabilities and assets. Implementation of new standard will help in facilitating the comparison between the financial statements of different companies. This standard will help in addressing the unfaithful presentation of lease accounting. Investors will not be required to make any rough computation and estimation of bringing back leases into balance sheets. Investors will be informed in a better way because of transparency of information relating to leases. Accounting model of organization will be altered and will benefit organizations in providing detailed information concerning leases and therefore investors will be informed and take into account the benefits that would arrive (Morales and Zamora 2018). Decision relating to leased will improved and allocation of capital will improve. Therefore, organization adopting this standard will lead to a more balanced lease versus buy decisions on part of management. References list: Commbank.com.au. (2018). [online] Available at: https://www.commbank.com.au/content/dam/commbank/about-us/shareholders/pdfs/annual-reports/annual_report_2017_14_aug_2017.pdf [Accessed 23 Jan. 2018]. Czajor, P. and Michalak, M., 2017. Operating Lease Capitalization-Reasons and its Impact on Financial Ratios of WIG30 and sWIG80 Companies.Przedsi?biorczo i Zarz?dzanie,18(1, cz. 1 Practical and Theoretical Issues in Contemporary Financial Management), pp.23-36. Demir, Z. and Bas, E., 2017. THE EFFECT OF TAS 17 LEASING STANDARD AND IMPLEMENTATION OF THE NEW IFRS 16 LEASES STANDARD ON THE AIRLINE COMPANIES.PressAcademia Procedia,3(1), pp.153-173. Edeigba, J. and Amenkhienan, F., 2017. The Influence of IFRS Adoption on Corporate Transparency and Accountability: Evidence from New Zealand.Australasian Accounting, Business and Finance Journal,11(3), pp.3-19. Karwowski, M., 2016. The risk in using financial reports in the study of airline business models.Journal of Air Transport Management,55, pp.185-192. Morales-Daz, J. and Zamora-Ramrez, C., 2018. IFRS 16 (leases) implementation: Impact of entities' decisions on financial statements.Aestimatio, (17), pp.60-97. Nobes, C., 2015. IFRS Ten Years on: Has the IASB Imposed Extensive Use of Fair Value? Has the EU Learnt to Love IFRS? And Does the Use of Fair Value make IFRS Illegal in the EU?.Accounting in Europe,12(2), pp.153-170. Osei, E., 2017. THE FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING STANDARDS BOARD (FASB), AND THE INTERNATIONAL ACCOUNTING STANDARDS BOARD (IASB) SINGS SIMILAR TUNE: COMPARING THE ACCOUNTING TREATMENT OF NEW IFRS 16 WITH THE IAS 17, AND THE NEW FASB MODEL ON LEASES.Journal of Theoretical Accounting Research,13(1). Sacarin, M., 2017. IFRS 16 Leasesconsequences on the financial statements and financial indicators.The Audit Financiar journal,15(145), pp.114-114. Sandblom, P. and Strandberg, A., 2015. The Value Relevance of the Proposed New Leasing Standard. An event study of the European Stock Markets Reaction to the proposed replacement of IAS17. You, J., 2017.The Impact of IFRS 16 Lease on Financial Statement of Airline Companies(Doctoral dissertation, Auckland University of Technology).

London Eye Essay Example

London Eye Essay The Merlin Entertainments London Eye, commonly known as London Eye or Millennium Wheel or British Airways London Eye. The Merlin Entertainments London Eye is commonly known as London Eye or Millennium Wheel or British Airways London Eye. It is a giant tall Ferris wheel, which has the height of 135 metre ( 443 feet) and located at the western end of Jubilee Gardens, on the south bank of the Thames River in the London Borough of Lambeth in England, which is between Westminster Bridge and Hungerford Bridge, London, England. It was also located near to the former Dome of Discovery, which was built for the Festival of Britain in 1951. London Eye was the tallest observation wheel in Europe, and the most popular paid tourist attraction in the United Kingdom, which approximately visited by over 3. 5 million people annually. Besides, it is also one of an extraordinary symbol in extraordinary city and was as a part of London’s millennium celebrations. The Merlin Entertainments London Eye opens daily except on 25th December (Christmas Day) and during its annual maintenance period, which set from 10th until 19th January 2010. London Eye was constructed on the late of 1998. The construction was a huge international effort that involves hundreds of people during that time, since it took seven years and the skills of hundreds of people from five countries to make it into a reality. The architectural team who consists of David Marks and Julia Barfield (who was a husband and wife), Malcolm Cook, Mark Sparrowhawk, Steven Chilton, Frank Anatole and Nic Bailey has designed the structure. The construction of the observation wheel took more than one year and half to complete. We will write a custom essay sample on London Eye specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on London Eye specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on London Eye specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer London Eye was made of 1700 tones of steel as the structure and more than 3000 tones of concrete were used for the foundations. The wheel carries 32 sealed and air-conditioner egg-shaped of passenger capsules, attached to its external circumference, each capsule representing as one of the London Boroughs and has the weight of 10 tonnes. Each of the futuristic looking capsules can accommodate up to 25 passengers, who are free to walk around inside the capsule, although the seating is provided. Each of the egg-shaped capsules has 8 metres long and weight 500 kg. The 25 metre ( 82 feet) of long spindle was built in the Czech Republic. There are 80 spokes that connects the rim with the spindle, and each of the rim has a diameter of 122 m ( 400 feet), which is approximately 200 times the size of a bicycle wheel. The observation wheel itself rotates at 26 cm ( 10 inch) per second ( 0. 9km/h or 0. 6 mph), which the revolution takes about 30 minutes. However, the wheel does not stop to take on passengers, since the rotation rate is slow enough to allow the passengers to walk on and off the moving capsules at the ground level. It is stopped due to allow the disabled or elderly passengers time to go on board and get off safely. A complete turn of the observation wheel takes about 30 minutes. Since the construction of the glass capsules on the outer side of the rim, the passengers have a great 360? view over the London. There are many famous landmarks are clearly visible from there, which are include the Buckingham Palace, St. Paul’s Cathedral even the House of Parliament. During a clear day, the passengers can see approximately as far as 40 km ( 25 miles) in all directions. One of the London Eye capsules, in which inside is full of passengers. The British Prime Minister, Tony Blair, formally opened London Eye on 31st December 1999. However, the London Eye still not opened for the public yet due to the technical problems, until 9th March 2000. Since the opening, The Merlin Entertainments London Eye has become an iconic landmark and also the symbol of the modern Britain. There are over 3. 5 million tourists who are visiting the attraction each year, which has proved it as the most popular paid tourist destination in London and throughout the world. In August 2009, the London Eye has launched a spectacular new 4D film experience. It was added as a free extra in order to pleasure the passengers in enjoying their ride on the London Eye. The 4D itself used a superb effects and the short film has only 3D aerial footage of the London. Besides, there are also gift shops, which located next to the London Eye Wheel, opposite of the ticket office entrance. It offers many kinds of high quality of London Eye gifts and souvenirs (such as: photography, guidebooks and in-flight mini guides) in order for the visitor feel special for London Eye. Other than gift shops, there are cafes (which offers tea, coffee, drinks, sandwiches, cakes and snacks located inside the county Hall and opposite the gift shop, with great views of the London Eye), toilets as well as the wheelchair loan service to make the visitor more comfortable in enjoying the London Eye. The Merlin Entertainments London Eye has also won over 75 awards for national and international tourism due to its outstanding of architectural quality and engineering achievement since the public opening. There are TripAdvisor. com – Best Attraction in Europe (2007), British Travel Awards – Silver Award: Best Visitor Attraction Coolbrands – third coolest attraction (2008), Group Travel Awards – Best Attraction for Group Visits: Short Visit (2009), and so on. London Development Agency Green500: Platinum Award was the latest achievement that London Eye received on 2010. Since the opening, The Merlin Entertainments London Eye has become an iconic landmark and also the symbol of the modern Britain. There are over 3. million tourists who are visiting the attraction each year, which has proved it as the most popular paid tourist destination in London and throughout the world. The futuristic of architecture design and engineering made the visitors enjoying the sensation in the London Eye capsules, which the visitors can see as far as 40 km ( 25 miles) in all directions. This observing wheel was used as a symbol for the end of the 20th century due to the time that turns into the new millennium until now.

Reaction Essay on Global Warming

Reaction Essay on Global Warming Reaction Essay on Global Warming The major purpose of a reaction essay is to allow the writer to carefully assess his or her feelings or thoughts concerning a given topic. With this purpose in mind, the tips on writing a good reaction paper are very simple. The obvious need is to obtain a clear understanding of the phenomenon to which one is required to react. In the process, one must evaluate his or her feelings concerning that phenomenon. This involves identifying the arguments with which one concurs, and those that he/she opposes. It is also helpful for the writer to consider whether he or she agrees with related allegations. It is a fact that the world is experiencing a significant climate change, as is evident in unpredictable weather patterns. This has led to an international discussion of global warming and its threat to future existence of life on earth. For example, it is difficult to predict each year what geographic locations will experience rainfall and to what extent. Additionally, ice caps are melting, resulting in the rise of the sea level in some low-laying land areas, many of these highly populated with people. Furthermore, for the past couple of years, world media has aired news of huge wildfires in a number of locations world-wide. Moreover, deadly heat waves are occurring more frequently. Severe storms have also been witnessed in various parts of the world, causing loss of human lives and destruction of property. In addition, severe droughts that had hitherto never been experienced are becoming commonplace in many countries. These are concrete examples that global warming is a real threat . With these concerns in mind, scientists have warned that mankind is to experience more serious consequences if immediate action is not taken to address the issue of global warming. One  incontestable fact is that global warming is presently occurring. How else can one explain the alarming rise in the earth’s temperature, if it is not because of global warming? The trend of rising temperatures is clear, at least by observing the standard surface temperature all over the world. Before the start of the millennium, the situation was relatively better than it presently is. Rainfall was pretty predictable, and surface temperature was generally lower than has been witnessed since 2000. This observation is sufficient to validate the hypothesis that global warming is bound to continue if the present patterns of human activity do not change in such a manner has to alleviate the problem. The implication is that human beings are the major cause of global warming. While governments in every nation have imposed environmental safety standards on manufactures and industries, it is regrettable that very few companies strictly observe such legislation. Industrial emissions are known to overload the atmosphere with too much carbon dioxide, which in turns traps heat, thereby driving the earth’s temperature up. Apart from industrial activities, human activities such as deforestation generate huge carbon dioxide emissions, particularly in tropical countries. Since evidence strongly indicates human beings are the cause of global warming, the inference is that human beings can slow down global warming and its damaging effects. Through collaborative efforts, the world’s nations can take immediate action to lower carbon an emission, consequently decelerating the pace at which global warming occurs. This action is of utmost urgency and importance since it determines the viability of future generations. Success in minimizing global warming can only be achieved by involving everyone. For instance, elected leaders must be put under pressure to pass necessary legislation. At the individual level, proper waste disposal must be practiced. Tips on reaction essay writing: To compose a good reaction essay on any topic, the writer needs to conduct some research on that topic. For example, if you are not fully aware of the causes and effects of global warming and how it impacts mankind, you would need to read some studies before writing a reaction essay on global warming. Otherwise, how do you know what your thoughts are on the topic? Do not forget to take notes as you read and to develop an outline for your paper. This will make the writing process go smoother and easier for you. To finalize your essay, you might read the reaction essay aloud, listening for correctness in grammar and word choice, as well as organization of ideas. Visit our essay writing service to order a custom essay on any global warming topics. will provide you with professional essay help at affordable rates.

The history of eyeglasses Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

The history of eyeglasses - Essay Example Despite this early invention, Ilardi indicates that that reason it wasn’t believed that these lenses had been available at this earlier time period rests on a variety of science-related factors, including the late inventions of the telescope and the microscope and a general distrust of the distortions brought forward by the glass. He also presents the text of the documents that had been discovered which consist of a series of letters between Duke Francesco Sforza of Milan to his resident ambassador in Florence, Nicodemo Tranchedini da Pontremoli regarding eyeglasses in which the evidence exists for the wholesale use of these specialized lenses in correcting vision if not in science. Confusing the issue regarding the origin of the eyeglass, though, are reports in China of similar inventions coming to them earlier than the Italian invention. An article from 1936, Kaiming Chiu’s â€Å"The Introduction of Spectacles into China,† makes the claim that spectacles may have introduced into China as early as the twelfth century, coming in from Malacca â€Å"in the Western Regions.† According to the author, this date was derived by comparing the original documents and reviewing the probable date regarding when they were written given what is known about the life of the author. This also places spectacles in China at least a century earlier than had been determined based on readings of the Western texts, especially the texts coming out of Italy. A large part of the confusion resides in the several textual errors included in the base work, proven by further date comparisons between when a work was written and when the author lived. Through this analysis , the author concludes that while the majority of spectacles were probably introduced to China in the late 14th century as a result of trade with Western countries, there is evidence that at least one Chinese man owned a set

Information Technology Applications in Marketing Essay

Information Technology Applications in Marketing - Essay Example This is because digital media has numerous advantages like: search ability, speed, marketing interface and perhaps most importantly, data feedback. Digital media, therefore, transcends the constraints posed by physical media and incorporates the best of personal interactivity. More importantly, digital print has been known to reduce incremental cost of production, as well as, that of content acquisition and distribution. The reason why print media is dying is because every newspaper pays writers to acquire publishing content. This makes it difficult to compete with digital media, since the latter provides free content. In the past, printed media was the most influential platform for acquisition of information since there was no other basis of doing so. At the present time, numerous individuals have resorted to electronic media like websites, e-newspapers, and online television, among others. This has led to a huge drop in newspaper circulation for the past ten years. However, this do es not mean that print media is completely obsolete because up to today there are loyal readers that prefer to get news from newspapers and other print media (Reid, n.pag). This is a notion opposed by Josefowicz (n.pag)who insists that print media is bound to die owing to poor reception and increasing popularity of digital media at all societal levels. The principal sector likely to bear the brunt of print media deterioration is that will journalism. A journalist is forced to acquire distinctive information because the internet is a threat for print media. Despite the extensive efforts of acquiring information, it is made available to people who can easily access or even download it for free. For this reason, the print industry has to lower its cost in order to sustain competition in the news industry, and this will inevitably cause its failure and that of journalism. People have always paid for monthly subscriptions for newspaper or other print media like magazines. Currently, howe ver, individuals can acquire information free of charge from the internet, a principal predicament that is shaking the print media companies financially, because they do not have the capability to offer free information. However, as Josefowicz (n.pag) states, the internet is the big problem, but in some cases it can be utilized as a solution. Print media companies can earn revenue by borrowing the internet’s business model for increasing advertising. Nevertheless, print media is still effective and in some cases it holds a variety of advantages over digital media. For instance, print media offers tangibility, an element not available in digital media. This is crucial; magazines or newspapers can be preserved for future reference, while it is possible for internet advertisements or information to get lost into the cyber space under circumstances like virus attacks. Additionally, print media has credibility owing to its sense of legitimacy. This is due to the fact that informat ion is acquired by competent journalists, and is reviewed by editors before being unveiled to the public. This is unlike in digital media where virtually everyone can gain access to information and deliver it in a manner that lacks credibility. Content Marketing Content marketing refers to a promotion method of collecting as well as distributing

Processes in Producing a Chemical Reaction and Hazards

Processes in Producing a Chemical Reaction and Hazards Elephant Toothpaste Objective/aim Understand the processes involved in producing a chemical reaction Identify hazards involved with using particular chemicals Demonstrate an understanding of chemistry terms such as catalyst, oxidation, and exothermic (Harper Nickels, 2008). Background Information The elephant toothpaste experiment is an experiment that produces great amount of steaming foam (Helmenstine, 2014). Its great amount of foam is what makes it look like a toothpaste an elephant would use. The experiment makes use of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) solution. Hydrogen peroxide is a germiadral agent composed of water and oxygen. It kills disease organisms, like ozone does, using oxidation. It kills microorganisms by oxidizing them which can be described as a â€Å"Controlled burning process† (Hinrichs, 1986). When hydrogen peroxide reacts with organic material, it breaks down into oxygen and water. It can be used in varies ways example, disinfection, mouthwash, hair lightening and contact lenses. In our bodies hydrogen peroxide is produced to fight infections, which must present for our immune systems to function correctly and healthy (Helmenstine, 2014). White blood cells are known as leukocytes, a sub-class of these cells ‘Neutrophils’ produces hydrogen peroxide as the first defence against toxins, parasites, bacteria, viruses and yeasts (Helmenstine, 2014). Hydrogen peroxide is most used in toothpastes and as a cure for toothaches. In this experiment we also use yeast or saturated potassium iodide solution as a catalyst to make the peroxide molecule release the oxygen faster (Harper Nickels, 2008). Yeast is a fungi which converts the catalase hydrogen peroxide into harmless water and oxygen (Spangler, 2013). The overall equation for this reaction is: 2 H2O2 (aq) à ¯Ã†â€™Ã‚   2 H2O (l) + O2 (g) The decomposition of the hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen is catalysed by the iodine ion or dry yeast. It also releases a small amount of the heat so the reaction is exothermic. (Helmenstine, 2014) H2O2 (aq) + OI (aq) à ¯Ã†â€™Ã‚   I (aq) + H2O (l) + O2 (g) The dishwashing detergent used captures oxygen as bubbles. Food colouring adds colour to the foam which can be optional. Chemicals and Materials You will need: 20mL Hydrogen peroxide (30%) 5mL Sodium iodide solution 2M Dishwashing liquid Food colouring Rubber gloves for clean up (Harper Nickels, 2008). Labware and apparatus A funnel Dropper Beaker 500 mL Graduated cylinder Safety goggles Plastic bottle (2l Cold drink bottle) Glass rob Spatula Safety Hazards: The bottle will become very hot. Allow the bottle to cool before touching it directly. Hydrogen peroxide is a very strong oxidizing agent and may cause severe skin burns. Store hydrogen peroxide in a cool, dark area away from reducing agent and organic materials. Do not lean over the bottle when solutions are mixed it is an exothermic reaction. Experiment should not be done near an open flame. The solution can be washed down the drain with excess water (Carolina.com., 2014). Experimental Procedure Put on your goggles and gloves. Have a couple of students feel the side of the graduated cylinder. Measure 60ml of hydrogen peroxide from your source bottle into the beaker. Pour the entire 60ml into the bottom of your container. Place 10g of potassium iodide in the plastic portion cup. Add 10ml of water and 3ml of liquid detergent. Stir all the chemicals together using a wooden stick. Open the bottle of food colouring mixed half and half with glycerine or corn syrup and exactly 2ml of the dye. Dribble it down one side of the container that you are using. Add the mixture of soap, water and potassium iodide to the hydrogen peroxide in the container. The potassium iodide will separate into potassium and iodide ions. Once the experiment is complete ask a couple of students to come up and carefully touch the sides of the bottle and describe the temperature for all the other students in the laboratory (Meerman, 2009). Outcome of experiment The experiment produces a large amount of foam as a result of the dishwashing detergent that was added. The foam shoots out of the container like toothpaste would if you squeezed the container. The foam produced is safe to play around with as they only contain soap and oxygen from the hydrogen peroxide. We will also observe the catalytic reaction rate by the combining of yeast, hydrogen peroxide and dish washing liquid detergent (Spangler, 2013). Source of experiment Steve Spangler Science. (2008). Elephants toothpaste. Retrieved October 30, 2008, from www.stevespanglerscience.com. Material safety Hydrogen Peroxide Personal Protective Equipments Eyes: Wear appropriate protective eyewear or chemical safety goggles. Skin: Wear appropriate gloves to prevent skin exposure. Clothing: Wear appropriate clothing to prevent skin exposure. Potential Health Effects Eye:Contact with eyes can cause severe burns and corneal damage. Skin: Cause severe skin irritation and possible burns. May cause skin irritation, redness, swelling and formation of blisters. Ingestion: Causes Nausea, vomiting and diarrhoea, gastrointestinal tract burns. May cause difficulties in swallowing, stomach distension, possible cerebral swelling and death. Ingestion might also result in irritation of the esophagus, bleeding of the stomach and ulcer formation. Inhaling: Can cause burns in the respiratory tract causing nasal tissue, insomnia, nervous tremors with numb extremities, chemical pneumonia unconsciousness and death. At high concentration respiratory effects may cause acute lung damage and delayed pulmonary oedema. Chronic: Can cause dermatitis due to prolonged or repeated skin contact. Mutagenic effects and corneal damage if repeatedly contacted. First Aid Measures Eyes:Get medical aid immediately. Do not rub eyes or keep eyes closed. Extensive irrigation with water is required immediately. Skin:Get medical aid immediately. Flush skin with plently of water for at least 15 minutes while removing contaminated clothing. Wash clothing before reuse. Ingestion:Do not induce vomiting. Give 2-4 cups of milk or water, if unconscious don’t give anything, get medical aid immediately. Wash mouth out with water. Vomiting may occur, give water to further dilute the chemical. Inhalation:Get medical aid immediately. Move person to fresh air immediately. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. Do not perform mouth to mouth. You can use a bag and a mask for artificial respiration if breathing ceases. Fire Measure Use only water, do not use dry chemicals or pour water into containers. Contact professional fire fighters immediately. Cool containers with flooding quantities if water until well after fire is out. For large fires, flood fire area with large quantities of water while knocking down vapours with water fog. Handling Wash hands thoroughly after handling. Wash contaminated clothes before reuse. Use only in a well ventilated area. Do not get in eyes, skin or on clothing. Store protected from light. Unused chemical must not be returned to the container. Storage Keep away from heat, sparks and flame. Do not store near combustible materials. Keep containers closed when not in use. Store away from light. Store only in light resistant containers fitted with a safety vent. Questions and Answers What type of reaction is this? Decomposition (1) What happen to the reaction when the iodine is drop into the hydrogen peroxide? There is a large amount of heat released and the hydrogen peroxide is decomposes in to water and oxygen. (2) Write the balanced chemical equation for the reaction taking place between the hydrogen peroxide and the iodine. H2O2 (aq) + OI (aq) à ¯Ã†â€™Ã‚   I (aq) + H2O (l) + O2 (g)(5) Which enzyme did we add to help break down hydrogen peroxide? Iodine (1) What is the gas that is being released? Oxygen (1) Reference list Helmenstine, A.M. (2014). Elephant toothpaste chemistry demonstration. Available: Chemistry.about.com/od/chemistrydemonstrations/a/elephant-tooth.htm. [Accessed: 28 August 2014 ]. Himrichs, E.J. (1987). Hospital periodontics a survey of hospital utilization by American academy of periodontology members. Journal of periodontology. 57(11), 663-671. Harper, A. and Nickels, K. (2008). Elephant’s toothpaste. University of technology: Queensland. Spangler, S. (2013). Elephant’s toothpaste. Available: www.stevespanglerscience.com/lab/experiments/elephants-toothpaste. [Accessed: 28 August 2014 ]. Carolina.com. (2014). Carolina world class science and maths. Available: http://www.carolina.com/chemistry/experiments/elephant.asp. [Accessed: 27 August 2014]. Meerman, R. (2009). Teacher Demonstration 26: Elephant’s Toothpaste. Available: http://www.abc.net.au/science/surfingscientist/pdf/teachdemo26.pdf. [Accessed: 26 August 2014]. Elephant TootpastePage | 1

Stages Essay -- Essays Papers

Stages Richard Wright's Native Son provides us with an exemplary example of the way the black race was conditioned in the 1930's. He does this by telling us about an adult black male named Bigger Thomas. Wright titles each book in the novel the way he does to give insight into the various actions and feelings of Bigger. Book one is entitled Fear. It provides us with an explanation of why Bigger is afraid to do many things that he has a chance to do. Wright explains that Bigger is afraid because he is conditioned by white society to act this way. In Fear, Wright shows us that in actuality, Bigger is afraid to rob Blum's store. Bigger tries to mask his fear by implying that Gus is the one who is scared. They are shooting a game of pool when he asks Gus if he still wants to do the job. When Gus says no Bigger replies, "How come? You scared ‘cause he's a white man?" When Gus retaliates, Bigger tries to accuse Jack and G.H. He makes the statement, "Cause he's white, everybody's scared." Wright emphasizes bigger's fear again when he arrives at the Dalton's. Bigger is scared because he thinks that someone will believe that he is trying to rob or rape somebody. Bigger feels that he should have stayed among his own people in order to escape the feeling of fear that he has in his heart. On ce again Wright emphasizes the title. He does this when Jan and Mary ask Bigger to eat with them. Bigger stutterers, "I-I . . . . I don't want to go in." With this statement Bigger shows how much he fears the white race. In this book of Native Son Bigger proves that his heart is full of fear when he burns Mary's body to prevent anyone from blaming her so called "disappearance" on him. It is clear that Wright entitled book one Fear to emphasize why bigger's heart is full of fear and what he does to cope with this fear. Book two of Wright's Native Son is entitled Flight. Like Fear, Flight also has a specific meaning. Flight begins with Bigger at his home asleep. He leaps from bed with thoughts of how he killed Mary Dalton flooding his mind. He begins to think that he can do what he wants and not get caught. After killing Mary, bigger begins to thirst for more. When he returns to the Dalton's he wonders if he will have to kill Peggy. He thinks that she might accidentally see parts of Mary's body in the furnace. Bessie inadvertently gives him an i... ...ming, "You can't make me do nothing but die!" Bigger believes that he has no reason to live. After a long heart felt talk with Max, Bigger realizes that he really wants to live, not die. He sobs, "I don't want to die, I don't want to die." The trial is now over and his fate has been determined. "In Number 666-983, indictment for murder, the sentence, of the Court is that you, bigger Thomas, shall die on or before midnight of Friday, March third, in a manner prescribed by the laws of this state." It is clear to see that Wright entitled book three fate to emphasize the fact that Bigger's fate lies in the hands of the people that put such extreme amounts of fear into his heart. So, in conclusion, Richard Wright entitles each book in his novel Native Son for a specific reason. He gives book one the title Fear in order to provide insight into why bigger's heart is full of fear and how he copes with his fear. Wright titles book two Flight in order to emphasize how Bigger becomes hungry for more and what he does to satisfy this hunger. Book three is given the title of Fate to show that in fact, Bigger's fate lies in the hands of the people that caused him to kill in the first

Cross Border Mergers and Acquisitions in India Essay

The corporate sector all over the world is restructuring its operations through different types of consolidation strategies like mergers and acquisitions in order to face challenges posed by the new pattern of globalisation. The intensity of such operations is increasing with the de-regulation of various government policies as a facilitator of the neo-liberal economic regime. The intensity of cross-border operations recorded an unprecedented surge since the mid-1990s and the same trend continues. Earlier, foreign firms were satisfying their market expansion strategy through the setting up of wholly owned subsidiaries in overseas markets which has now become a ‘second best option since it involves much time and effort that may not suit to the changed global scenario, cross-border mergers and acquisitions became the ‘first-best option’ to the leaders and others depended on the follow-the-leader’ strategy. The Indian corporate sector too experienced such a boom in mergers and acquisitions that led restructuring strategies especially after liberalization, Four types of growth strategies adopted by the firms. Firms started with domestic production and began to export to the foreign markets, establishment of subsidiaries in overseas market was the next stage and as a fourth phase, firms started to acquire firms in foreign markets instead of establishing subsidiaries. The increasing magnitude of investment through cross-border mergers and acquisitions and its emergence as a major component of FDI even in the case of developing countries such as India, why firms are engaging in cross-border consolidations instead of establishing subsidiaries or to engage in export-oriented growth.

The Media And It s Impute On Body Image - 1850 Words

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